Shoulder Internal Rotator muscles

Authors
Affiliations

Nate Yomogida, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.S. in Kinesiology

Chloë Kerstein, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.A. in Neuroscience 

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Table 1: Glenohumeral Internal Rotator muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Innervation Action
Anterior deltoid Lateral third of clavicle Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Axillary n.
C5 - C6		 GHJ: Flexion, IR, Adduction
Biceps brachii Long head Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Adjacent rim of Glenoid Labrum		 Radial tuberosity
Bicipital aponeurosis		 Musculocutaneous n.
C5 - C6		 Elbow: Flexion, Supination
GHJ: Flexion, Stabilization of humeral head during deltoid contraction, Abduction, IR
Biceps brachii Short head Coracoid process Radial tuberosity
Bicipital aponeurosis		 Musculocutaneous n.
C5 - C6		 Elbow: Flexion, Supination
GHJ: Flexion, Stabilization of humeral head during deltoid contraction, Abduction, IR
Coracobrachialis Coracoid process Humerus (in line with crest of lesser tubercle) Musculocutaneous n.
C5 - C7		 GHJ: Flexion, Adduction, IR
Latissimus dorsi T7-T12 SP
Thoracolumbar fascia
Inferior angle of scapula
9-12 ribs
Posterior third of Iliac crest		 Floor of the intertubercular groove of the humerus Thoracodorsal n.
C6 - C8		 GHJ: IR, adduction, Extension
Respiration: "cough muscle"
Pectoralis major Clavicle (medial half)
Sternum
Costal cartilages 1-6
Rectus sheath (anterior layer)		 Humerus (crest of greater tubercle) Lateral pectoral n.
Medial pectoral n.
C5 - T1		 Entire muscle: Adduction, IR
Clavicular & Sternocostal parts: Flexion, Aids in respiration when shoulder is fixed
Subscapularis Subscapular fossa Lesser tubercle of Humerus Upper Subscapular n.
Lower Subscapular n.
C5 - C6		 GHJ: IR, Stabilization
Teres major Inferior angle of Scapula Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Thoracodorsal n.
C5 - C6		 GHJ: IR, Adduction, Extension

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