Human Locomotion

Authors

Affiliations

Nate Yomogida, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.S. in Kinesiology

Chloë Kerstein, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.A. in Neuroscience

The foundational elements of bipedal locomotion include

1. The appropriate alignment, strength, and control of the lower extremities (LEs) and trunk to support body mass¹
2. The ability to generate locomotor rhythm¹
3. Dynamic balance control (the ability to maintain stability and orientation with the center of mass [COM] over the base of support [BOS] while parts of the body are in motion)¹
4. The propulsion of the body in the intended direction; and (5) the adaptability of locomotor responses to changing task and environmental demands¹

Factors that affect Locomotor interventions

• The presenting pathology¹
• Weightbearing status¹
• Body/structure impairments and activity limitations that affect movement¹

Areas to Assess

Motor function

• (motor control and motor learning)¹

Muscle performance

• Strength
• Power
• Endurance

Sensory function

• DCML
• Vestibular
• Visual System
• Central sensory integration (the capacity of the brain to organize, interpret, and use sensory information)¹
• The patient’s ability to use sensory input from the skin and musculoskeletal system to assist in locomotor control¹

References

1.

O’Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ, eds. Improving Functional Outcomes in Physical Rehabilitation. 2nd ed. F.A. Davis Company; 2016.