Disc Herniation

Authors

Affiliations

Nate Yomogida, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.S. in Kinesiology

Chloë Kerstein, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.A. in Neuroscience

Types of HNP

Lateral

Could be a single nerve root

Posterior lateral

Could impinge cord and/or nerve roots

Nerve involvement

Spinal Cord

• DTR
  • LMN at the segment
  • UMN Below the segment
• Symptoms
  • Bilateral
  • Sensation:
  • Motor:

Nerve Root

• DTR
  • LMN at the segment
  • No sx below the segment
• Symptoms
  • Unilateral
  • Sensation: Dermatomal pattern
  • Motor: Myotome pattern

Inflammation

Note

• Palada V, Ahmed AS, Finn A, Berg S, Svensson CI, Kosek E. Characterization of neuroinflammation and periphery-to-CNS inflammatory cross-talk in patients with disc herniation and degenerative disc disease. Brain Behav Immun. 2019;75:60-71. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2018.09.010
• Song C, Zhou D, Cheng K, et al. Bioinformatics-based discovery of intervertebral disc degeneration biomarkers and immune-inflammatory infiltrates. JOR Spine. 2023;7(1):e1311. Published 2023 Dec 22. doi:10.1002/jsp2.1311

Cytokines

Note

• Role of cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: pain and disc content¹

Resorption

Note

Yu P, Mao F, Chen J, et al. Characteristics and mechanisms of resorption in lumbar disc herniation. Arthritis Res Ther. 2022;24(1):205. Published 2022 Aug 23. doi:10.1186/s13075-022-02894-8

Exercise

Note

Wang Z, Liu X, Gao K, Tuo H, Zhang X, Liu W. Clinical effects and biological mechanisms of exercise on lumbar disc herniation. Front Physiol. 2024;15:1309663. Published 2024 Jan 16. doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1309663

References

1.

Risbud MV, Shapiro IM. Role of cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: Pain and disc content. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2014;10(1):44-56. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2013.160