Longissimus Muscle

Authors
Affiliations

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.S. in Kinesiology

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.A. in Neuroscience

Reading list
  • Ch16 Longissimus capitis Muscle1
  • Thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles1
  • Neuman2

Longissimus Capitis

Figure 1: Muscles of the Posterior and lateral neck3
Figure 2: Muscles of the Neck and Back3

Origin

T1-T3 (TP), C4-C7 (TP & articular process)4

Insertion

Temporal bone (Mastoid process)

Innervation

Spinal nn. C1-L5 (Posterior Rami, lateral branches)4

Action

  • BIL: Extends head4
  • UNIL: Flexes and I/L rotation4

Longissimus Cervicis

Figure 3: Muscles of the Neck and Back3

Origin

T1-T6 (TP)4

Insertion

C2-C5 (TP)4

Innervation

Spinal nn. C1-L5 (Posterior Rami, lateral branches)4

Action

  • BIL: Extends spine4
  • UNIL: I/L SB4

Longissimus Thoracis

Origin

Sacrum; Iliac crest; Lumbar vertebrae (SP); Lower thoracic vertebrae (TP)4

Insertion

2nd-12th ribs; Thoracic & Lumbar vertebrae (TP)4

Innervation

Spinal nn. C1-L5 (Posterior Rami, lateral branches)4

Action

  • BIL: Extends spine4
  • UNIL: I/L SB4

References

1.
Donnelly JM, Simons DG, eds. Travell, Simons & Simons’ Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Third edition. Wolters Kluwer Health; 2019.
2.
Neumann DA, Kelly ER, Kiefer CL, Martens K, Grosz CM. Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Rehabilitation. 3rd ed. Elsevier; 2017.
3.
Betts JG, Blaker W. Anatomy and Physiology. 2nd ed. OpenStax; 2022. https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/?Book%20details
4.
Gilroy AM, MacPherson BR, Wikenheiser JC, Voll MM, Wesker K, Schünke M, eds. Atlas of Anatomy. 4th ed. Thieme; 2020.

Citation

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