Medial Plantar Nerve

Authors

Affiliations

Nathaniel Yomogida, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.S. in Kinesiology

Chloë Kerstein, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.A. in Neuroscience

Roots

Pathway

Branches

Motor innervation

Medial Plantar n. Muscle Innervations
Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Innervation	Action
Abductor hallucis	Medial calcaneal tuberosity1 Plantar aponeurosis1 Flexor retinaculum1 [Medial calcaneal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Plantar aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Flexor retinaculum](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial aspect of 1st Proximal phalanx1 [Medial aspect of 1st Proximal phalanx](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.1 S1 - S21 [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	1st Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [MTP Abduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Arch support [Longitudinal arch support](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor digitorum brevis	Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity1 Plantar aponeurosis1 [Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Plantar aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Sides of middle phalanx 2-51 [Sides of middle phalanx 2-5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.1 S1 - S21 [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2nd-5th Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [PIP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Arch support [Longitudinal arch support](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor hallucis brevis	Cuboid1 Lateral cuneiforms1 Plantar calcaneocuboid lig.1 [Cuboid](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral cuneiforms](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Plantar calcaneocuboid lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Sesamoid bone1 Lateral Sesamoid bone1 [Medial Sesamoid bone](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral Sesamoid bone](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral Plantar n.1 Medial Plantar n.1 S1 - S21 [Lateral Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	MTP Flexion1 Supports Longitudinal Arch1 [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Supports Longitudinal Arch](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Lumbricals (Foot)	FDL tendons (medial borders)1 [FDL tendons (medial borders)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2-5th toes at dorsal aponeurosis1 [2-5th toes at dorsal aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.1 Lateral Plantar n.1 S2 - S31 [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2nd-5th Toes [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [PIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [DIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]

• Adductor hallucis¹
• Flexor digitorum brevis¹
• Flexor hallucis brevis (medial head)¹
• 1st lumbricals¹

Cutaneous Innervation

• Proper plantar digital nn.¹

Dysfunction

1.

Gilroy AM, MacPherson BR, Wikenheiser JC, Voll MM, Wesker K, Schünke M, eds. Atlas of Anatomy. 4th ed. Thieme; 2020.